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Question

Under which condition must a Constitutional Amendment Bill be ratified by at least half of the state legislatures?

  1. When it seeks to amend any Article of the Constitution
  2. When it seeks to amend the Directive Principles of State Policy
  3. When it seeks to amend provisions related to the federal structure
  4. When it seeks to amend Fundamental Rights

Answer:

Option C: When it seeks to amend provisions related to the federal structure

Detailed Solution:

The correct answer is “When it seeks to amend provisions related to the federal structure”.

Amendments affecting federal provisions—such as distribution of powers between the Centre and States—require ratification by at least half of the state legislatures, as per Article 368 of the Constitution.