Which of the following methods has/have been used to estimate poverty in India ?

1. Head Count Ratio
2. Calorie intake
3. Household Consumption Expenditure
4. Per Capita Income

Select the correct answer from the codes given below.
Codes :

Detailed Solution:

The correct answer is “1, 2 and 3”.

The following methods have been used to estimate poverty in India:

1) Head Count Ratio: This method calculates the proportion of the population that is below the poverty line.
2) Calorie Intake: Poverty estimation has often been based on the minimum calorie intake needed for sustenance, linking it to a poverty line.
3) Household Consumption Expenditure: This method assesses poverty based on the consumption expenditure of households and compares it to a defined poverty line.

Per Capita Income has not been used directly as a method to estimate poverty in India.