Panini and Patanjali are the renowned names in the literary history of ancient India. Under which dynasty did they flourish?

Detailed Solution:

The correct answer is “Sungas”.

Panini and Patanjali flourished under the Sunga dynasty. Patanjali wrote the Mahabhaṣya during the Sunga dynasty, which is a commentary on selected rules of Sanskrit grammar from Panini's Ashtadhyayi.

The Shunga dynasty (187 to 73 BC) was established by Pushyamitra, after taking the throne of Magadha from the Mauryas.